Children's interest in a CS Career: Exploring Age, Gender, Computer Interests, Programming Experience and Stereotypes
\textbf{Background and Context.} Increasing gender diversity in the field of Computer Science (CS) benefits the economy as well as gender equality. However, several obstacles - including underdeveloped CS interests, lack of programming experience, and a misfit with the stereotypes of computer scientists - prevent women from entering the field. Although these barriers develop from an early age, research focused on children is limited. Furthermore, limited work is done within European countries.
\textbf{Objectives.} In this study, we research the interest children aged 7 to 14 have in a CS career. Additionally, we look into whether children with different characteristics have a different interest in CS. As such our research question: \textit{How does children’s interest in a CS career differ based on their a) age, b) gender, c) computer interests, d) programming experience, and e) stereotypical beliefs?}.
\textbf{Method.} We collected data from 200 children in a science museum located in a Western European country. We gathered data on their gender, age, computer interests, programming experience, stereotypical beliefs and interest in becoming a programmer - as representative of a CS career. We used self-reported closed questions and reduced-length Child Implicit Association Tests.
\textbf{Findings.} In general, the participating children are not interested in a CS career. We did find several characteristics related to a higher interest in a CS career: being a boy, having an interest in computers or video gaming, gaining programming experience at home or at an out-of-school activity, and the belief that programmers are social.
\textbf{Implications.} To increase the participation of women in CS, we suggest motivating girls more to engage in computer and programming-related activities - especially out-of-school activities - while ensuring that these activities are gender inclusive.